Thimphu, Bhutan – In an era when most nations struggle to curb rising emissions, the Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan stands out as the world’s only carbon-negative country. This rare achievement means Bhutan absorbs more carbon dioxide than it produces—a feat rooted in its deep commitment to environmental stewardship and sustainable living.

Forests as Natural Carbon Sinks

Over 70% of Bhutan’s land area is blanketed in forests, making them the country’s greatest defense against climate change. By absorbing vast amounts of CO₂, these forests offset Bhutan’s modest emissions. The nation has gone a step further by enshrining conservation in its constitution, which mandates that at least 60% of its land must remain forested for all time.

Hydropower Over Fossil Fuels

Another cornerstone of Bhutan’s carbon-negative status is its reliance on renewable energy. Hydropower, derived from the country’s abundant rivers, supplies most of Bhutan’s electricity. By choosing water over coal or oil, the kingdom keeps its domestic carbon footprint remarkably low while also generating surplus clean energy for export to neighboring countries like India.

Gross National Happiness: A Different Path to Progress

Unlike much of the world, which prioritizes Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Bhutan measures success through Gross National Happiness (GNH). This philosophy places equal importance on economic growth, environmental preservation, cultural values, and citizens’ well-being. Policies are designed not just to expand industry but to safeguard nature and ensure a balanced quality of life.

A Model for the World

By exporting clean hydropower while maintaining a low-carbon domestic economy, Bhutan demonstrates that development and sustainability can coexist. Its carbon-negative status is not the result of chance, but of deliberate choices—choices that protect ecosystems, empower communities, and inspire the global fight against climate change.

As world leaders search for solutions to the climate crisis, Bhutan shines as a living example that prosperity need not come at the expense of the planet.